Planning a UK trip soon? The UK Electronic Travel Authorisation (ETA) is quick for most travellers. Many applications made in the UK ETA app get an automatic decision in minutes. The Home Office, however, advises travellers to allow up to three working days to cover the small share of cases that need manual review. In this guide, you’ll learn the realistic processing time, who needs an ETA, when to apply to avoid last-minute stress, and the common mistakes that delay approvals.

What is the UK ETA processing time?

Typical timeline

• Decision in minutes (majority of cases): Most applicants currently get an automatic decision in minutes when applying through the UK ETA app.

• Official buffer: Allow three working days for a decision to cover cases that need further checks.

Why the range?

The ETA system is designed to be automated. Files that match data and risk checks are auto-decided quickly. A small portion is routed for manual review, which can push the decision closer to the three-day mark.

What exactly is an ETA, and who needs it?

An Electronic Travel Authorisation (ETA) is a digital permission to travel to the UK. It is not a visa and does not guarantee entry at the border; it simply authorises the carrier to bring you to the UK for border inspection. British and Irish citizens don’t need an ETA. Many visa-exempt visitors, including transit passengers who cross the UK border, need one. 

When should you apply?

• Safe window: Apply at least 3 working days before travel.

• Peak periods/ complex travel history: Submit 1-2 weeks ahead to avoid itinerary stress, as airlines can deny boarding if your ETA hasn’t cleared.

• New passport: Your ETA is tied to the passport number used in the application. If you renew your passport, you’ll need a new ETA before travel.

What can delay an ETA?

• Data mismatches: Name, DOB, or passport number entered incorrectly.

• Poor photo capture: The digital photo must meet the government standards.

• Flags from security or immigration history: Prior refusals/overstays/convictions may trigger manual review.

• Connectivity during app submission: An Interrupted upload or payment can stall your file.

How to apply for the UK ETA?

1. Use the “UK ETA” app or apply on the GOV website if you don’t have a smartphone.

2. Scan your passport, fill in contact details, answer short suitability questions, and upload a compliant photo.

3. Pay the fee by card.

4. Wait for the decision, which often takes minutes; allow up to three working days.

5. Travel with the same passport you used for the application. The ETA is electronic, no sticker.

Cost, validity and re-use

• Fee: £16 per person (including children).

• Validity: 2 years or until your passport expires, whichever is sooner.

• Multiple journeys: Use the same ETA for multiple trips, with each visit lasting up to 6 months.

Do I need an ETA if I’m only in Transit?

• Airside transit: Temporarily exempt, no ETA required if you do not pass UK border control. This policy remains under review.

• Landside transit (entering the UK): ETA required for eligible nationalities. Confirm your route and terminal transfer rules with your airline.

What if my ETA is refused or still “in progress”?

• Refused: You’ll be told the reason and may apply again. There is no appeal; if you still need to travel, you’ll have to apply for a visa instead.

• In progress close to travel: If you applied fewer than three working days before departure, consider moving your flight. Carriers can refuse boarding without a cleared ETA. 

• Status check: Use the ETA webchat to confirm receipt/validity, and beware of fraudulent websites imitating it.

Apply early, double-check details, and travel with the same passport you used to apply. Most ETAs are clear in minutes, but the safe buffer is 3 working days, especially during peak seasons or if your history may trigger manual checks. Use the UK ETA app, upload a compliant photo, and keep digital + printed copies of your confirmation, flights, insurance, and accommodation.